1 IPּ Ҵ ϴ .
1 : ifconfig, netstat, route
2 : redhat-config-network Ǵ system-config-network Ǵ netconfig.
3 : /etc/sysconfig/network, /etc/sysconfig/network-scaripts/ifcfg-eth0 .
ifconfig ̿
- ifconfig eth0 down : ip .
eth0 ̽ ϰ Ǿ eth0 ȵ.
- ifconfig eth0 up : ٿŲ eth0̽ ٽ .
- ifconfig ɾ ̿Ͽ IP.
ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 up
2 Ʈ ϵ ̿ IPּ ϴ
Ʈּ
- /etc/sysconfig/network HOSTNAME, GATEWAY .
- /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
...
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethn
BROADCAST, NETWORK, NETMASK
Ʈũ ũũ ũƮ.
- /etc/rc.d/init.d/network start|restart|stop
netstat ؼ Ȯ. : netstat -nr
3 IPּ ҴϿ ϱ
1) IPּ ϳ ʱ Ȳ Ȯ
2) ϳ IPּ Ҵϱ
- /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts 丮 ifcfg-eth0 .
cp ifcfg_eth0 ifcfg-eth0:0
cp ifcfg_eth0 ifcfg-eth0:1
cp ifcfg_eth0 ifcfg-eth0:2
cp ifcfg_eth0 ifcfg-eth0:3
- ϸ DEVICE IPADDR
3) ϱ /etc/rc.d/init.d/network ũƮ ̿Ͽ restart.
4) ifconfig ҴǾ Ȯ.
4 netconfig ̿ Ʈũ
- /usr/sbin/netconfig ɾ .
5 HOSTNAME ϱ
- /etc/sysconfig/network
- hostname : ȣƮ ִ ɾ
ex) hostname bible.superuser.co.kr : Ͻ ȣƮ . ý ȣƮ
״ . /etc/sysconfig/network Ͽ ִ ȣƮ
ٽ 缳.
6 Ʈũ Ʈ ping Ȱ ǹ
- ping̶ ɾ ȣƮ ICMP Ŷ
Ͽ ¸ ϴ ɾ.
- ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol) : ȣƮ Ʈ ̿
ϰ ˷ִ . ȣƮ ֳ Ȯ.
- 1ȸ Ʈ Ǵ Ŷ ũ 56bytes .
8bytes ICMP带 ԲǷ Ͽ 64bytes .
- time ġ ȸ(Ʈ)° ٴ .
- ɼ
-s : Ŷ ũ . -q : .
-i : interval (ð) -c : Ŷ .
-b : pingƮ ϴ Ʈ ִ ȣƮ Ŷ.
7 Ʈũ Ȯϴ traceroute Ȱ ǹ
- ȣƮ Űθ ϴ ɾ.
- Ʈ
1. ȣƮ ̷ ִ°?
̷ ʴ * ǥ.
2. ȣƮ hop(İ Ʈ ) ǰ
ִ°?
3. ȣƮ ſ ־ Ǵ °? ִٸ ??
msġ ġ ̻ .
4. ȣƮ Űλ ִ Ư Ȯغ ־
8 Ʈũ ̺ ϴ route Ȱ ǹ
- route : Ư Ʈ ̽ ϴ ɾ.
- route add default gw Ʈ IPּ dev Ʈ̽ ġ.
- ý Ư Ʈ ̽ Ư Ʈ ν.
route add -net ƮIPּ netmask ݸũ dev Ʈ̽ġ
9. Ʈũ Ȳϴ netstat Ȱ ǹ
- netstat Ʈũ , ̺, Ʈũ ̽µ
Ȯ ִ ɾ.
- ϴ ε .
- ɼ
-a : all . -n : 10 ġ
-r : route . -p : ǰ ִ α PID
-i : Ʈ ̽ . -c :
-l : listenǰ ִ
-s : ݿ .
- LISTEN : .
SYS-SENT : û .
SYN_RECEIVED : 䱸 Ŀ Ȯ ٸ .
ESTABLISHED : 3ܰ Ŀ Ϸ .
FIN-WAIT1, CLOSE-WAIT, FIN-WAIT2 : Ḧ û
.
CLOSING : ۵ ǵ .
TIME-WAIT : Ŀ ѵ ϰ ִ
CLOSED : .
10. Ʈũ Ȯϴ whois Ȱ
- Ư Ư IP Address Ǵ Ư Ʈ ϰ ִ
ȸ.
1) ȸ
- : whois -h whois.krnic.net (Ǵ IP Address)
- ȸ URL : http://whois.nic.or.kr
2) ȸ
- : whois -h whois.interrnic.net (Ǵ IP Address)
- ȸ URL : http://www.networksolution.com/en_US/whois/index.jtml
11. ethtool ̿ ī ӵ ۸ ϱ
- ̴ Ȯ : ethtool eth0
- ̴ : ethtool -s eth0 [speed 10|100|1000] [duplex half|full]
[autoneg on|off]
12. tcpdump ̿ TCP Ŷĸ Ŷ ϱ.
- tcpdump Ʈ ̽ ۼŵǴ Ŷ ü Ȥ
Ǵ Ͽ Ȯϴ ɾ.
-i : Ʈ웟 ̽ . ex) tcpdump -i eth0
-w : Ͽ . ex) tcpdump -i eth0 -w TCPDUMP(̸)
-r : Ŷ 尡 ؽƮ Ȯ. ex)tcpdump -r TCPDUMP
-c : Ȯϰ ϴ Ŷ . ex) tcpdump -i eth0 -c 10
- ƯƮ ۼŵǴ Ŷ ü Ȯϱ
tcpdump -w tcpdump.log -s 1500 tcp port 22 and host 192.168.0.100
192.168.0.100 ŵŶ tcp22 Ʈ
Ŷ 1500̷ ĸϿ tcpdump.logϿ .
tcpdump.log ASCII Ȯϴ .
tcpdump -Xqnr tcpdump.log
13. mii-tool ̿ Ʈũ ̽ Ȯ.
- Ǿ ִ ī Ȳ Ȯ
- ɼ
-v : ڼ ȮΡ -r : 缳
14. modprobe ̿ ī Ȯ ϱ
- ̴ Ȯϰ .
- lsmod : εǾ ִ Ȯ.
/etc/modules.conf : Ȯ.
- modprobe ī speed_duplex=ȣ
speed_duplex=0 : auto detection .
ӵ 10M . duplex ڵ
speed_duplex=1 : 10M, half duplex .
speed_duplex=2 : 10M, full duplex .
speed_duplex=3 : 100M, half duplex .
speed_duplex=4 : 100M, full duplex .