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ۼ : 06-07-14 11:24
linux - grub
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1. GRUB ̶?

GRUB̶ GRand Unified Boot-loader ڷ lilo Ʈ Ŵ α׷̴. Ʈ
Ʈ · , ext2, ext3, ReiserFS, JFS, FAT, minix, FFS Ͻý
Ѵ. LILO ȯ漳 Ͽ ϴ
LILOó ʿ ݿȴ. ϵũ Ͽ պκп 츦 8GB
̻ ҴϿ ġϰ Ƽǿ ġϰ LILO ϸ
ȵǴ 찡 ִµ liloſ grub ϸ ذ ִ.

2. GRUB ⺻
(1) GRUB Ʈ ȭ
⺻ GRUB Ʈ ȭ ׷ϰ ޴ Ʈ Ǹ, / Ű
[RETURN]Ű Էϸ ǵ Ǿ ִ. GRUB 带 Ѵ.
(2) GRUB
1) : GRUB Ʈ ȭ鿡 [a], [c], [e] Ű شϴ Ѵ.
2)
[a] : grub.conf ҷ ̴ ׸߿ kernel õ κ Ķ͸ ߰ ְ
ش. kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/ [a]Ű
Ŀ̹ ޺κ, ro root=LABEL=/ κ ִ. ̱۸
 Ű ڿ single̶ ָ ȴ.
[e] : grup.conf Ʈ ö ִ ׸ ֵ ش. Ȥ ̱۸
[a]Ű ̹ ޺κп single̶ Ŀд
찡 ִµ 쿡 [e] vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 Ŀ̹ ٷ ڿ
single ̶ ϸ ȴ.
[c] : ȣȭ Է ִ ̴. grub.conf ߸Ǿ ִ
ԷϿ ִ.
(3) ޴ (e)
1) : GRUB ⺻ ܿ Ʈ ִ Ѵ. Ʈ 'e'Ű
Էϸ ش Ʈ ޴ ִ.
2) 忡 ϴ Ű
e : ش Ѵ.
d : ش Ѵ.
o : ߰Ѵ.
b : Ѵ.
3) 뿹: ⺻ runlevel 3 ¿ runlevel 5 ϱ
. GRUB Ʈȭ鿡 ش ޴ ϰ 'e'Ű Ѵ.
. kernel ̶ ׸  ̵ϰ ٽ 'e'Ű Ѵ.
. ڿ 5 ߰ϰ [enter]Ű .
. 'b'Ű Ѵ.
4)
޴ Ѵٰ ؼ grub.conf ٲ ƴϰ ýÿ Ͻ
޴ ̰, ߸Ǿ 쿡 [ESC]Ű ʱȭȴ.
(3) GRUB (c)
GRUB ȣȭ ǰ Bash Shell Ͽ [TAB]Ű
ڵϼ ִ. [ESC]Ű Ͽ ִ.

3. GRUB
(1) : grub ȯ漳 grub.conf̴. ٸ ȯ漳ϵ /etc丮 ġ
grub δ /boot/grub/grub.conf̴.
(2) ⺻
[root@www root]# cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE: You do not have a /boot partition. This means that
# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /, eg.
# root (hd0,3)
# kernel /boot/vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/hda4
# initrd /boot/initrd-version.img
#boot=/dev/hda
default=0
timeout=10
splashimage=(hd0,3)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
title Red Hat Linux (2.4.18-14)
root (hd0,3)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/
initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.18-14.img
title DOS
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
chainloader +1
(3) ׸񼳸
1) default=0
=> ⺻ õǵ ϴ κ̴. grub ȭ鿡 Ư
⿡ Ǿ شϴ ü εѴ. 0 Ʒ ׸
Ǿ ִ ü Ѵ.
2) timeout=10
=> grub Ʈȭ鿡 ð̴. ̴. 10ʰ
default õȴ.
3) splashimage=(hd0,3)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
=> Ʈ ȭ ̹ ϴ κ̴. xpm ׸̹ xpm.gz
Ѵ. (hd0,3) /dev/hda4 ̴.
() ̽ grub ̽
1. ⺻
/dev/fd0 : (fd0)
/dev/hda : (hd0) => SCSI ϵũ 쿡 ù° ũ ̰
شѴ.
/dev/hdb : (hd1)
2. 뿹
/dev/hda1 : (hd0,0)
/dev/hda4 : (hd0,3)
4) title Red Hat Linux (2.4.18-14)
root (hd0,3)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/
initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.18-14.img
=> Ʈ Ÿ. ⺻̴.
(⺻)
title Ʈ_Ʈ_
root (ϵũ̽,ƮƼǸ)
kernel /Ŀ̹ ro root=Ʈ̽
initrd /ʱȭ_ʿ_̹ // ʱȭ Ram Disk Loader̴.
5) title DOS
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
chainloader +1
=> Ʈ Ÿ. 迭 ⺻̴.
(⺻)
title Ʈ_Ʈ_
rootnoverify (찡_ġǾ_ִ_ϵũ_̽,ƼǸ)
chainloader +1 // ü chains-load ؼ õǴµ ̰Ϳ
// ̴.

4. GRUB ̿Ͽ ϱ
(1) : ޴ [c]Ű 'grub>'̶ Ʈ Ÿ鼭 Է
ִ. ⺻ غ.
(2) 뿹
1) Linux ϱ
grub> root (hd0,3)
Filesystem type is ext2fs, partition type 0x83
grub> kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/
[Linux-bzImage, setup=0x1400, size=0x11154a]
grub> initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.18-14.img
[Linux-initrd @ 0xffcb000, 0x20096 bytes]
grub> boot
2) ϱ
grub> rootnoverify (hd0,0)

grub> chainloader +1

grub> boot

5. GRUB ϻڸ ϱ
(1) : Ʈн带 ϰų Ÿ ý۾ Ϸ ؾ ϴ
찡 ִ. GRUB ڸ  ۾ ʿϴ.
(2)
1) GRUB Ʈ޴ Ŀ Ʈ Ѵ.
2) 'e' ԷϿ Ʈ Ѵ.
3) 'e' Էϸ Ʈ ü δ. Ű Ʒ κ ̵
Ѵ.
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/
4) 'e' ٽ Էϸ ش ϰ Ǵµ, 'single'̶ ߰
Է ڿ Ű .
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/ single
5) 'b' Էϸ single ȴ.

6. GRUB н ϱ
(1) : ڸ  Ʈн带 ڵ 𸣴 ¿
ϴ. GRUB ޴ н带 ɾ ϻڸ ٽÿ н带'
Էϵ ִ.
(2)
1) Ʈ grub ̶ ԷѴ.
2) grub Ʈ Ÿ.

GRUB version 0.92 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory)

[ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB
lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists the possible
completions of a device/filename. ]

grub>
3) md5crypt ̶ Էϰ н带 ԷѴ.
grub> md5crypt

Password: ********
Encrypted: $1$t.z8h/$NXKVZ2A9ovCk1LLRNPCAI0
=> н带 Էϸ ȣȭ н尪 ȴ.
4) н带 /boot/grub/grub.conf Ͽ Ʒ ߰Ѵ.
password --md5 $1$t.z8h/$NXKVZ2A9ovCk1LLRNPCAI0
(3) 뿹: grub н ġ ߿ϴ.
1) ڸ ٸ
default=0
timeout=10
splashimage=(hd0,1)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
password --md5 $1$/gphl/$oBCc00qqTPHqIDQpimlXC0 // ̺κп Ѵ.
title Red Hat Linux (2.4.18-14)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/
initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.18-14.img
2) ý н带 Էϰ Ϸ
default=0
timeout=10
splashimage=(hd0,1)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
title Red Hat Linux (2.4.18-14)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18-14 ro root=LABEL=/
initrd /boot/initrd-2.4.18-14.img
password --md5 $1$/gphl/$oBCc00qqTPHqIDQpimlXC0 // ̺κп Ѵ.
(4) : grub н带 Ҿ
1) ġ CD-ROM ̿Ѵ.
. ġ 1 CD-ROM Ѵ.
. ׷̵  LILO Ʈδ ٽ ġѴ.
2) õũ ̿Ѵ.
. ġÿ õũ õũ Ѵ.
. 'boot:' ȭ鿡
vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1 // Ƽǰ ġ ޶.
Ѵ.
. /boot/grub/grub.conf н弳 κ Ѵ.

7. GRUB Ÿ
(1) üġ lilo grub Ʈ δ ٲٱ
1) lilo -u
=> lilo Ѵ. 쿡 lilo -U
2) grub-install /dev/hda
=> grub Ʈ δ ġѴ.
(2) grub ϱ
󿡼 grub ϴ . grub Ϸ lilo ٸ δ
ġϰų Ͽ fdisk /mbr Ű ȴ.

 
 

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